Njengoba kunezinguquko eziqhubekayo emkhakheni wezimboni wama-ripples, i-DC melting furnace enezinzuzo zayo eziyingqayizivele kanye namathuba abanzi entuthuko, kancane kancane ivele njengenkanyezi ekhanyayo yokuhola intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe embonini.
Njengamanje embonini yensimbi, ukusetshenziswa kwesithando sokushisa samaminerali se-DC selokhu kwaqala ngawo-1970, ubuchwepheshe obusha buqalile. Ukuzinza kwe-arc yesithando somlilo se-DC, ukuhlushwa kwamandla, ukusebenza kahle kokushisa okuphezulu, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi, ukusetshenziswa kwe-electrode okuncane, umsindo ophansi wokusebenza, ukukhiqiza okuphezulu.
Kwamanye amazwe, ngo-1984 eNingizimu Afrika yakhe isithando somlilo esiqondile esingu-40MVA esinekhabhoni ephezulu. I-ferrosilicon yaseShayina yeminyaka engu-70-8000kvA, i-silicon yezimboni, i-silicomanganese, i-ferrochrome, ukwelashwa kwemfucuza eqinile, isithando sokushisa samaminerali se-DC (i-electrode engezansi eyodwa) kanye nesithando sokwenza insimbi se-DC sithole ulwazi oluphumelelayo, eminyakeni yamuva nje, iShayina yakhiwe futhi yafakwa ekukhiqizeni isithando somlilo se-DC ngokuyinhloko:
12500-33000kvA Isithando Sokushisa Samaminerali se-Silicon-Manganese DC (ama-electrode ama-4)
Isithando Sokushisa Samaminerali Esiphezulu se-Silicon DC esingu-12500-16500kvA (ama-electrode angu-4)
Isithando Sokushisa Samaminerali se-Silicon Barium DC esingu-12500kvA (ama-electrode angu-4)
Isithando Sokushisa Samaminerali se-Silicon Zirconium DC esingu-12500kvA (ama-electrode angu-4)
Isithando Sokushisa Samaminerali se-10000-16000kw se-Industrial Silicon DC (ama-electrode ama-4)
Isithando Sokushisa Samaminerali se-Ferrochrome DC esingu-9000kw (ama-electrode angu-4)
Isithando Sokushisa Samaminerali se-Titanium Slag DC esingu-30000kw (i-electrode eyisisekelo esingu-1)
Ukuthuthukiswa kwezitofu zokuncibilikisa ze-DC kumelela intuthuko enkulu entuthukweni yezobuchwepheshe. Uma kuqhathaniswa nesitofu sokushisa samaminerali se-AC sendabuko, izinzuzo zaso zisobala. Ngokuphathelene nokusebenza kahle kwamandla, isitofu sokuncibilikisa se-DC sizoguqulwa sibe ukusebenza kahle kwamandla okushisa okuthuthukisiwe kakhulu. Izibalo zangempela zibonisa ukuthi izinga lokusetshenziswa kwamandla laso liphakeme cishe ngo-20% kunesitofu sokushisa sendabuko, okunciphisa kakhulu ukulahleka kwamandla futhi kufake umfutho onamandla wokunciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwezomnotho. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isitofu sokushisa samaminerali se-DC sibonisa ukuzinza okuhle kakhulu nokulawula ngesikhathi sokusebenza, futhi siyakwazi ukulawula ngokunembile izimo zokusabela esithandweni somlilo, ngaleyo ndlela siqinisekise ukuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo kanye nokwanda okuqhubekayo kokukhiqiza.
Ngokusho kwedatha ekhona, ukuqhathanisa okuphelele kwezinkomba zokukhiqiza ze-DC furnace kanye ne-AC furnace, ukuphuma kwe-DC furnace, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla nezinye izinkomba kungcono kakhulu kune-AC furnace, ukwanda kokukhipha kungenxa yokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuncibilikisa kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwe-power factor yomphumela ohlangene wemiphumela.
Njengamanje i-DC furnace 4 electrode, ama-electrode ayi-6 kanye nezinye intuthuko yobuchwepheshe be-multi-electrode, okubonisa kakhulu izinzuzo ezisobala ze-DC mineral furnace smelting ferroalloys, kuyindlela engenakugwenywa yokonga amandla kanye ne-mineral furnace enkulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe obuhlakaniphile kwenza izinga lokuzenzakalela kwe-DC smelting furnace lithuthuke kakhulu, ukusebenza kulula futhi kuphumelele, ngoba ukukhiqizwa kwebhizinisi kulethe ukulula okukhulu.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo nomqondo wokuvikelwa kwemvelo ngokujulile, isithando sokuncibilikisa i-DC siphinde samukele ngentshiseko umkhuba oluhlaza wezikhathi. Idatha efanele ikhombisa ukuthi isithando sokuncibilikisa i-DC ekusebenzeni kokonga amandla nokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi kuhle kakhulu, ukukhishwa kwegesi okungcolisayo kuncishisiwe kakhulu, ngoba intuthuko esimeme ibe negalelo emandleni.
Uma sibuyekeza umlando wokuthuthukiswa kwesithando sokuncibilikisa i-DC, asikwazi ukuzibamba kodwa simangazwe umsebenzi onzima nokuhlakanipha okucwebezelayo kwabacwaningi nonjiniyela. Kusukela ku-germ yomqondo wokuqala, kuya ekuthuthukisweni okuqhubekayo nokwenza ngcono ubuchwepheshe, isinyathelo ngasinye sokujuluka kwabo nokuhlakanipha. Isibonelo, lapho kwakhiwa isithando sokuncibilikisa i-DC, ibhizinisi liphumelele ekulungiseni amapharamitha kagesi nezinto zesithando kanye nesakhiwo ngemuva kokuhlolwa okuningi nokuthuthukiswa, ukuze umzimba wesithando ukwazi ukumelana kangcono nezimo ezimbi kakhulu njengokushisa okuphezulu nokucindezela okuphezulu, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukusebenza kwama-electrode nezinye izingxenye ezibalulekile nakho kuthuthukiswe kakhulu.
Uma sibheka phambili, i-DC mineral heat furnace kulindeleke ukuthi ifinyelele impumelelo enkulu kanye nentuthuko:
Okokuqala, ukusungula izinto ezintsha kwezobuchwepheshe kuzothuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kanye nokuzinza kwesithando sokuncibilikisa se-DC ukuze kuthuthukiswe kakhulu, kusize amabhizinisi ukunciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza futhi kuthuthukiswe ukuncintisana emakethe.
Okwesibili, ukuthuthukiswa kwesithando sokushisa amaminerali se-DC kuzosebenzisa ubuhlakani bokwenziwa, idatha enkulu kanye nezinye izindlela zobuchwepheshe ezihlakaniphile zokufeza ukuqapha kwesikhathi sangempela kanye nokulawula okuzenzakalelayo kwezimo zesithando sokuncibilikisa, kusheshiswe ukusetshenziswa kwemishini yokusiza ehlakaniphile, kufaka phakathi ukuhluzwa okuhlakaniphile kwe-AI, irobhothi lamehlo elivulekile, irobhothi le-electrode elixhumanisayo, umshini wokubhoboza okuzenzakalelayo, irobhothi lokuhlola, idivayisi yokuthwebula izithombe zokushisa okuphezulu esithandweni, idivayisi yokuhlanza okuzenzakalelayo, uhlelo lokuphonsa oluqhubekayo, kanye nolunye uhlelo lokusebenza lwemishini yokusiza oluthuthukisiwe, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, kuncishiswe ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, futhi kuqashelwe ubuhlakani kanye nokuluhlaza kohlelo lokukhiqiza.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amasimu okusetshenziswa kwesithando sokuncibilikisa se-DC nawo azokwandiswa, ngaphezu kokudlala indima ebalulekile embonini yensimbi, kulindeleke ukuthi isetshenziswe kabanzi embonini yamakhemikhali, izinto zokwakha kanye neminye imikhakha, okunegalelo entuthukweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwezimboni eziningi.
Ukusetshenziswa ngempumelelo kwe-DC esithandweni sokushisa amaminerali kulethe izinzuzo ezinkulu namathuba okuthuthukiswa embonini yokuncibilikisa. Ngokusungula izinto ezintsha okuqhubekayo kanye nentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, sinesizathu sokukholelwa ukuthi i-DC izoqhubeka nokudlala indima ebalulekile esikhathini esizayo, ukukhuthaza intuthuko eqhubekayo kanye nentuthuko yobuchwepheshe besithando sokushisa amaminerali, ubuchwepheshe bokuncibilikisa ukuze kuthuthukiswe futhi kuhlinzekwe isikhala esingenamkhawulo sokuthuthukiswa kwemikhiqizo emisha, ukuze insimu yezimboni ilethe umbono obanzi kanye nentuthuko eqhubekayo yesikhathi esizayo.
Ngamafuphi, isithando sokushisa samaminerali se-DC ngezinzuzo zaso eziyingqayizivele kanye namathuba abanzi entuthuko, sizoqhubeka nokudlala indima ebalulekile emkhakheni wezimboni wesikhathi esizayo, futhi senze iminikelo emikhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni kanye nentuthuko esimeme. Sibheke phambili emisha kanye nentuthuko eyengeziwe yokukhuthaza ubuchwepheshe besithando sokushisa samaminerali se-DC esifike esicongweni esisha!
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-09-2024